Chrome WebDriver¶

Usage¶

To use the Chrome driver, pass the string chrome when you create the Browser instance:

from splinter import Browser
browser = Browser('chrome')

Note: if you don’t provide any driver to the Browser function, firefox will be used.

Note: if you have trouble with $HOME/.bash_profile, you can try $HOME/.bashrc.

Emulation mode¶

Chrome options can be passed to customize Chrome’s behaviour; it is then possible to leverage the experimental emulation mode.

Further Information: chrome driver documentation

from selenium import webdriver
from splinter import Browser

mobile_emulation = {"deviceName": "Google Nexus 5"}
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option(
  "mobileEmulation", mobile_emulation,
)
browser = Browser('chrome', options=chrome_options)

Service¶

Selenium uses the Service class to manage chromedriver. An instance of this class can be given directly to Splinter.

from splinter import Browser
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service

my_service = Service()
browser = Browser('chrome', service=my_service)

Custom executable path¶

The Service object can be used to specify the path to chromedriver. For example:

from splinter import Browser
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service

my_service = Service(executable_path='</path/to/chromedriver>')
browser = Browser('chrome', service=my_service)

Custom binary path¶

The Service object can be used to specify the binary path. For example:

from selenium import webdriver

chrome_options = webdriver.chrome.options.Options()
chrome_options.binary_location = "/path/to/canary"
browser = Browser('chrome', options=chrome_options)

API docs¶

class splinter.driver.webdriver.chrome.WebDriver(options=None, user_agent=None, wait_time=2, fullscreen=False, incognito=False, headless=False, service: Service | None = None, config: Config | None = None, **kwargs)[source]¶

attach_file(name, value)¶

Fill the field identified by name with the content specified by value.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element to enter text into.
value : str¶: Value to enter into the element.

back()¶

The browser will navigate to the previous URL in the history.

If there is no previous URL, this method does nothing.

check(name)¶

Check a checkbox by its name.

If you call browser.check n times, the checkbox keeps checked, it never get unchecked.

To uncheck a checkbox, see the uncheck method.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element to check.

Example

>>> browser.check("some-check")

choose(name, value)¶

Choose a value in a radio buttons group.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element to enter text into.
value : str¶: Value to choose.

Example

You have two radio buttons in a page, with the name gender and values ‘F’ and ‘M’.

>>> browser.choose('gender', 'F')

Then the female gender will be chosen.

property cookies¶

A CookieManager instance.

For more details, check the cookies manipulation section.

evaluate_script(script, *args)¶

Similar to execute_script method.

Execute javascript in the browser and return the value of the expression.

Parameters:¶

script : str¶: The piece of JavaScript to execute.

Example

>>> assert 4 == browser.evaluate_script('2 + 2')

execute_script(script, *args)¶

Execute a piece of JavaScript in the browser.

Parameters:¶

script : str¶: The piece of JavaScript to execute.

Example

>>> browser.execute_script('document.getElementById("body").innerHTML = "<p>Hello world!</p>"')

fill(name, value)¶

Fill the field identified by name with the content specified by value.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element to enter text into.
value : str¶: Value to enter into the element.

fill_form(field_values, form_id=None, name=None, ignore_missing=False)¶

Fill the fields identified by name with the content specified by value in a dict.

Currently, fill_form supports the following fields: text, password, textarea, checkbox, radio and select.

Checkboxes should be specified as a boolean in the dict.

Parameters:¶

field_values : dict¶: Values for all the fields in the form, in the pattern of {field name: field value}
form_id : str¶: Id of the form to fill. Can be used instead of name.
name : str¶: Name of the form to fill.
ignore_missing : bool¶: Ignore missing keys in the dict.

find(locator)¶

Find an element.

The default strategy used is ‘name’. To change the strategy, see: browser.set_find_strategy()

Parameters:¶

locator : str¶: The string used to locate an element.

Returns:¶

The found element

find_by(finder, finder_kwargs=None, original_find: str | None = None, original_query: str | None = None, wait_time: int | None = None)¶

Wrapper for finding elements.

Must be attached to a class.

Returns:¶: ElementList

find_by_css(css_selector, wait_time=None)¶

Return an instance of ElementList, using a CSS selector to query the current page content.

Parameters:¶

css_selector : str¶: CSS Selector to use in the search query.

find_by_id(id_value, wait_time=None)¶

Find an element on the current page by its id.

Even when only one element is find, this method returns an instance of ElementList

Parameters:¶

id_value : str¶: id to use in the search query.

find_by_name(name, wait_time=None)¶

Find elements on the current page by their name.

Return an instance of ElementList.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name to use in the search query.

find_by_tag(tag, wait_time=None)¶

Find all elements of a given tag in current page.

Returns an instance of ElementList

Parameters:¶

tag : str¶: tag to use in the search query.

find_by_text(text=None, wait_time=None)¶

Find elements on the current page by their text.

Returns an instance of ElementList

Parameters:¶

text : str¶: text to use in the search query.

find_by_value(value, wait_time=None)¶

Find elements on the current page by their value.

Returns an instance of ElementList

Parameters:¶

value : str¶: value to use in the search query.

find_by_xpath(xpath, original_find='xpath', original_query=None, wait_time=None)¶

Return an instance of ElementList, using a xpath selector to query the current page content.

Parameters:¶

xpath : str¶: Xpath to use in the search query.

find_option_by_text(text)¶

Finds <option> elements by their text.

Returns an instance of ElementList

Parameters:¶

text : str¶: text to use in the search query.

find_option_by_value(value)¶

Find <option> elements by their value.

Returns an instance of ElementList

Parameters:¶

value : str¶: value to use in the search query.

forward()¶

The browser will navigate to the next URL in the history.

If there is no URL to forward, this method does nothing.

get_alert(wait_time=None)¶

Change the context for working with alerts and prompts.

For more details, check the docs about iframes, alerts and prompts

get_iframe(frame_reference)¶

Change the context for working with iframes.

For more details, check the docs about iframes, alerts and prompts

property html¶: Source of current page.

html_snapshot(name='', suffix='.html', encoding='utf-8', unique_file=True)¶

Write the current html to a file.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: File name.
suffix : str¶: File extension.
encoding : str¶: File encoding.
unique_file : str¶: If true, the filename will include a path to the system temp directory and extra characters at the end to ensure the file is unique.

Returns:¶

Full file name of the created html snapshot.

Return type:¶

str

is_element_not_present_by_css(css_selector, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

css_selector : str¶: css selector for the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_not_present_by_id(id, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

id : str¶: id for the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_not_present_by_name(name, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_not_present_by_tag(tag, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

tag : str¶: tag of the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_not_present_by_text(text, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

text : str¶: text in the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_not_present_by_value(value, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

value : str¶: value in the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_not_present_by_xpath(xpath, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is not present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

xpath : str¶: xpath of the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is not present and False if is present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_css(css_selector, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

css_selector : str¶: css selector for the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_id(id, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

id : str¶: id for the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_name(name, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_tag(tag, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

tag : str¶: tag of the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_text(text, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

text : str¶: text in the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_value(value, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

value : str¶: value in the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_element_present_by_xpath(xpath, wait_time=None)¶

Verify if an element is present in the current page.

Parameters:¶

xpath : str¶: xpath of the element.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search.

Returns:¶

True if the element is present and False if is not present.

Return type:¶

bool

is_text_present(text, wait_time=None)¶

Check if a piece of text is on the page.

Parameters:¶

text : str¶: text to use in the search query.
wait_time : int¶: Number of seconds to search for the text.

Returns:¶

True if finds a match for the text and False if not.

Return type:¶

bool

new_tab(url: str) → None¶

The browser will navigate to the given URL in a new tab.

Parameters:¶

url : str¶: URL path.

quit()¶: Quit the browser, closing its windows (if it has one).

reload()¶: Revisits the current URL.

screenshot(name='', suffix='.png', full=False, unique_file=True)¶

Take a screenshot of the current page and save it locally.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: File name for the screenshot.
suffix : str¶: File extension for the screenshot.
full : bool¶: If the screenshot should be full screen or not.
unique_file : bool¶: If true, the filename will include a path to the system temp directory and extra characters at the end to ensure the file is unique.

Returns:¶

Full file name of the created screenshot.

Return type:¶

str

select(name, value)¶

Select an <option> element in an <select> element using the name of the <select> and the value of the <option>.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the option element.
value : str¶: Value to select.

Example

>>> browser.select("pets", "cat")

set_find_strategy(strategy)¶

Change the strategy used by browser.find().

Parameters:¶

strategy : str¶: The strategy used for finding elements. Can be one of either: ‘css’, ‘name’, ‘xpath’

Returns:¶

The current browser instance

Return type:¶

Browser

property title¶: Title of current page.

type(name, value, slowly=False)¶

Type a value into an element.

It’s useful to test javascript events like keyPress, keyUp, keyDown, etc.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element to enter text into.
value : str¶: Value to enter into the element.
slowly : bool¶: If True, this function returns an iterator which will type one character per iteration.

uncheck(name)¶

Uncheck a checkbox by its name.

Parameters:¶

name : str¶: name of the element to uncheck.

Example

>>> browser.uncheck("some-check")

If you call brower.uncheck n times, the checkbox keeps unchecked, it never get checked.

To check a checkbox, take a look in the check method.

property url¶: URL of current page.

visit(url)¶

Use the browser to navigate to the given URL.

Parameters:¶

url : str¶: URL path.