अयस्

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अयस् (ayas).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ə.jəs/, [ɐ.jɐs]

Noun

अयस् • (ayas) m (Urdu spelling ایس) (rare)

1. iron

   Synonyms: लोहा (lohā), लोह (loh)

Declension

Declension of अयस् (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अयस् ayas	अयस् ayas
oblique	अयस् ayas	अयसों ayasõ
vocative	अयस् ayas	अयसो ayaso

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অয়স্ (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬬᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
• অয়স্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰧𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀬𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• အယသ် (Burmese script)
• અયસ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਯਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌯𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦪꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂨𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಅಯಸ್ (Kannada script)
• អយស៑ (Khmer script)
• ອຍສ຺ (Lao script)
• അയസ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᠶᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘧𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠰ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧇𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐫𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଅଯସ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢫꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆪𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖧𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
• අයස් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩻𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚣𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
• அயஸ் (Tamil script)
• అయస్ (Telugu script)
• อยสฺ (Thai script)
• ཨ་ཡ་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒨𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨪𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háyas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos (“metal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (aiiah) Latin aes, Old English ār (whence English ore).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́.jɐs/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.jɐs̪/

Noun

अयस् • (áyas) stem, n

1. metal; copper
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.47.10:

     इन्द्र॑ मृ॒ळ मह्यं॑ जी॒वातु॑मिच्छ चो॒दय॒ धिय॒म्अय॑सो॒ न धारा॑म्।
     यत्किं चा॒हं त्वा॒युरि॒दं वदा॑मि॒ तज्जु॑षस्व कृ॒धि मा॑ दे॒वव॑न्तम्॥

     índra mṛḷá máhyaṃ jīvā́tumiccha codáya dhíyamáyaso ná dhā́rām.
     yátkíṃ cāháṃ tvāyúridáṃ vádāmi tájjuṣasva kṛdhí mā devávantam.

     Be gracious, Indra, let my days be lengthened: sharpen my thought as it were a blade of copper
     Approve whatever words I speak, dependent on you, and grant me your divine protection.

2. iron ŚBr. R.
3. iron weapon

Declension

Neuter as-stem declension of अयस्

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अयः (áyaḥ)	अयसी (áyasī)	अयांसि (áyāṃsi)
accusative	अयः (áyaḥ)	अयसी (áyasī)	अयांसि (áyāṃsi)
instrumental	अयसा (áyasā)	अयोभ्याम् (áyobhyām)	अयोभिः (áyobhiḥ)
dative	अयसे (áyase)	अयोभ्याम् (áyobhyām)	अयोभ्यः (áyobhyaḥ)
ablative	अयसः (áyasaḥ)	अयोभ्याम् (áyobhyām)	अयोभ्यः (áyobhyaḥ)
genitive	अयसः (áyasaḥ)	अयसोः (áyasoḥ)	अयसाम् (áyasām)
locative	अयसि (áyasi)	अयसोः (áyasoḥ)	अयःसु (áyaḥsu)
vocative	अयः (áyaḥ)	अयसी (áyasī)	अयांसि (áyāṃsi)

Derived terms

• अयस्मय (ayasmáya)
• आयस (āyasá)

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀬 (aya)
• Pali: aya, ayo

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “अयस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 85, column 1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “áyas-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 104