1111import java .util .function .BinaryOperator ;
1212import java .util .function .Function ;
1313import java .util .function .Supplier ;
14+ import java .util .regex .Matcher ;
15+ import java .util .regex .Pattern ;
1416import java .util .stream .Collector ;
15- import java .util .stream .Collectors ;
1617
1718/**
1819 * Holds common, generic string utiltity methods.
2425 * </p>
2526 */
2627public class StringUtil {
28+ final static Set <String > lowercaseWords = Set .of (
29+ "a" , "an" , "the" , "at" , "by" , "for" , "in" , "of" , "on" , "to" , "with" ,
30+ "but" , "nor" , "so" , "yet" , "and" , "or" );
31+
32+ final static Set <String > conjunctionArticle = Set .of (
33+ "a" , "an" , "the" , "and" , "or" );
2734
2835 /**
2936 * Return {@code formatString} formatted with {@code o} as the first parameter.
@@ -44,7 +51,24 @@ public static String valueOrDefault(String[] parts, int index, String fallback)
4451 }
4552
4653 public static String uppercaseFirst (String value ) {
47- return value == null || value .isEmpty () ? value : Character .toUpperCase (value .charAt (0 )) + value .substring (1 );
54+ if (value == null || value .isEmpty ()) {
55+ return value ;
56+ }
57+ Pattern pattern = Pattern .compile ("^(\\ P{L}*)(.*)" );
58+ Matcher matcher = pattern .matcher (value );
59+
60+ if (matcher .matches ()) {
61+ String prefix = matcher .group (1 ); // Leading non-letters
62+ String rest = matcher .group (2 ); // Everything else
63+
64+ if (rest .isEmpty ()) {
65+ return value ; // No letters found
66+ }
67+
68+ return prefix + Character .toUpperCase (rest .charAt (0 )) + rest .substring (1 );
69+ }
70+
71+ return value ;
4872 }
4973
5074 public static boolean equal (Object o1 , Object o2 ) {
@@ -196,14 +220,43 @@ public static String joinConjunct(List<String> list, String joiner, String lastJ
196220
197221 /** Return the given text converted to title case, with the first letter of each word capitalized. */
198222 public static String toTitleCase (String text ) {
223+ return toTitleCase (text , false );
224+ }
225+
226+ /**
227+ * Return the given text converted to title case, with the first letter of each word capitalized.
228+ *
229+ * @param text The text to convert to title case
230+ * @param midClause If true, then don't capitalize conjunctions and articles in the middle of a clause.
231+ */
232+ public static String toTitleCase (String text , boolean midClause ) {
199233 if (text == null || text .isEmpty ()) {
200234 return text ;
201235 }
202- return Arrays .stream (text .split (" " ))
203- .map (word -> word .isEmpty ()
204- ? word
205- : Character .toTitleCase (word .charAt (0 )) + word .substring (1 ).toLowerCase ())
206- .collect (Collectors .joining (" " ));
236+ String [] words = text .split (" " , -1 );
237+ for (int i = 0 ; i < words .length ; i ++) {
238+ String word = words [i ];
239+ if (word .isEmpty () || word .matches ("\\ P{L}+" )) {
240+ continue ; // Skip empty words
241+ }
242+ var lowerWord = word .toLowerCase ();
243+
244+ if (midClause && conjunctionArticle .contains (lowerWord )) {
245+ // Don't capitalize conjunctions
246+ words [i ] = lowerWord ;
247+ } else if (i == 0 || i == words .length - 1 || !lowercaseWords .contains (lowerWord )) {
248+ // // Capitalize; Handle markdown link display text: [word] -> [Word]
249+ // if (word.startsWith("[") && word.length() > 1) {
250+ // words[i] = "[" + Character.toTitleCase(word.charAt(1)) + word.substring(2).toLowerCase();
251+ // } else {
252+ // words[i] = Character.toTitleCase(word.charAt(0)) + word.substring(1).toLowerCase();
253+ // }
254+ words [i ] = uppercaseFirst (word );
255+ } else {
256+ words [i ] = lowerWord ;
257+ }
258+ }
259+ return String .join (" " , words );
207260 }
208261
209262 /** Returns true if the given string is non-null and non-blank. */
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