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content/zh-cn/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes.md

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@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ You need to install a
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="container runtime" term_id="container-runtime" >}}
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into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there. This page outlines
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what is involved and describes related tasks for setting up nodes.
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-->
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-->
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你需要在集群内每个节点上安装一个
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="容器运行时" term_id="container-runtime" >}}
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以使 Pod 可以运行在上面。本文概述了所涉及的内容并描述了与节点设置相关的任务。
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```
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<!--
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## Cgroup drivers
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## cgroup drivers
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On Linux, {{< glossary_tooltip text="control groups" term_id="cgroup" >}}
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are used to constrain resources that are allocated to processes.
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在 Linux 上,{{<glossary_tooltip text="控制组(CGroup)" term_id="cgroup" >}}用于限制分配给进程的资源。
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<!--
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Both {{< glossary_tooltip text="kubelet" term_id="kubelet" >}} and the
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Both the {{< glossary_tooltip text="kubelet" term_id="kubelet" >}} and the
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underlying container runtime need to interface with control groups to enforce
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[resource management for pods and containers](/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/) and set
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resources such as cpu/memory requests and limits. To interface with control
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[resource management for pods and containers](/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/)
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and set resources such as cpu/memory requests and limits. To interface with control
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groups, the kubelet and the container runtime need to use a *cgroup driver*.
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It's critical that the kubelet and the container runtime uses the same cgroup
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It's critical that the kubelet and the container runtime use the same cgroup
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driver and are configured the same.
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-->
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="kubelet" term_id="kubelet" >}} 和底层容器运行时都需要对接控制组来强制执行
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<!--
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### cgroupfs driver {#cgroupfs-cgroup-driver}
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The `cgroupfs` driver is the default cgroup driver in the kubelet. When the `cgroupfs`
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driver is used, the kubelet and the container runtime directly interface with
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The `cgroupfs` driver is the [default cgroup driver in the kubelet](docs/reference/config-api/kubelet-config.v1beta1).
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When the `cgroupfs` driver is used, the kubelet and the container runtime directly interface with
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the cgroup filesystem to configure cgroups.
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The `cgroupfs` driver is **not** recommended when
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[systemd](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/) is the
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init system because systemd expects a single cgroup manager on
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the system. Additionally, if you use [cgroup v2](/docs/concepts/architecture/cgroups)
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, use the `systemd` cgroup driver instead of
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`cgroupfs`.
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the system. Additionally, if you use [cgroup v2](/docs/concepts/architecture/cgroups), use the `systemd`
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cgroup driver instead of `cgroupfs`.
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-->
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### cgroupfs 驱动 {#cgroupfs-cgroup-driver}
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当 systemd 是选定的初始化系统时,缓解这个不稳定问题的方法是针对 kubelet 和容器运行时将
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`systemd` 用作 cgroup 驱动。
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<!--
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To set `systemd` as the cgroup driver, edit the
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[`KubeletConfiguration`](/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-config-file/)
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cgroupDriver: systemd
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```
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{{< note >}}
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<!--
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Starting with v1.22 and later, when creating a cluster with kubeadm, if the user does not set
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the `cgroupDriver` field under `KubeletConfiguration`, kubeadm defaults it to `systemd`.
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-->
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从 v1.22 开始,在使用 kubeadm 创建集群时,如果用户没有在
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`KubeletConfiguration` 下设置 `cgroupDriver` 字段,kubeadm 默认使用 `systemd`。
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{{< /note >}}
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<!--
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If you configure `systemd` as the cgroup driver for the kubelet, you must also
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configure `systemd` as the cgroup driver for the container runtime. Refer to
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the documentation for your container runtime for instructions. For example:
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-->
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如果你将 `systemd` 配置为 kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动,你也必须将 `systemd` 配置为容器运行时的 cgroup 驱动。
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参阅容器运行时文档,了解指示说明。例如:
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如果你将 `systemd` 配置为 kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动,你也必须将 `systemd`
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配置为容器运行时的 cgroup 驱动。参阅容器运行时文档,了解指示说明。例如:
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* [containerd](#containerd-systemd)
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* [CRI-O](#cri-o)
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你的容器运行时必须至少支持 v1alpha2 版本的容器运行时接口。
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Kubernetes [从 1.26 版本开始](/blog/2022/11/18/upcoming-changes-in-kubernetes-1-26/#cri-api-removal)**仅适用于**
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Kubernetes [从 1.26 版本开始](/blog/2022/11/18/upcoming-changes-in-kubernetes-1-26/#cri-api-removal)**仅适用于**
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v1 版本的容器运行时(CRI)API。早期版本默认为 v1 版本,
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但是如果容器运行时不支持 v1 版本的 API,
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则 kubelet 会回退到使用(已弃用的)v1alpha2 版本的 API。
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<!--
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## Container runtimes
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-->
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-->
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## 容器运行时
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{{% thirdparty-content %}}
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本节概述了使用 containerd 作为 CRI 运行时的必要步骤。
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<!--
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Follow the instructions for [getting started with containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/getting-started.md). Return to this step once you've created a valid configuration file, `config.toml`.
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To install containerd on your system, follow the instructions on [getting started with containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/getting-started.md).Return to this step once you've created a valid `config.toml` configuration file.
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To install containerd on your system, follow the instructions on
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[getting started with containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/getting-started.md).
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Return to this step once you've created a valid `config.toml` configuration file.
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-->
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要在系统上安装 containerd,请按照[开始使用 containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/getting-started.md)
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的说明进行操作。创建有效的 `config.toml` 配置文件后返回此步骤。
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[network plugin](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/networking/#how-to-implement-the-kubernetes-networking-model).
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-->
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除了容器运行时,你的集群还需要有效的[网络插件](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/networking/#how-to-implement-the-kubernetes-networking-model)
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/configuration/_index.md

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title: "配置"
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weight: 30
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---
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<!--
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title: "Configuration"
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weight: 30
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/kubernetes-basics/create-cluster/_index.md

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title: 创建集群
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weight: 10
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---
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<!--
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title: Create a Cluster
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weight: 10
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<!--
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Learn about Kubernetes {{< glossary_tooltip text="cluster" term_id="cluster" length="all" >}} and create a simple cluster using Minikube.

content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/kubernetes-basics/deploy-app/_index.md

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title: 部署应用
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title: Deploy an App
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/kubernetes-basics/explore/_index.md

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title: 了解你的应用
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title: Explore Your App
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/kubernetes-basics/expose/_index.md

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title: 公开地暴露你的应用
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title: Expose Your App Publicly
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title: 缩放你的应用
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title: 扩缩你的应用
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title: Scale Your App
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/kubernetes-basics/update/_index.md

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title: 更新你的应用
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title: Update Your App
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/security/_index.md

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title: "Service"
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title: "Services"
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/_index.md

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title: "无状态的应用"
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content/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/stateless-application/expose-external-ip-address.md

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* Configure `kubectl` to communicate with your Kubernetes API server. For instructions, see the
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documentation for your cloud provider.
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* 安装 [kubectl](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/tools/)
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* 使用 Google Kubernetes Engine 或 Amazon Web Services 等云供应商创建 Kubernetes 集群。
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本教程创建了一个[外部负载均衡器](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/create-external-load-balancer/)
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需要云供应商。
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* 配置 `kubectl` 与 Kubernetes API 服务器通信。有关说明,请参阅云供应商文档。
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* 安装 [kubectl](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/tools/)
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* 使用 Google Kubernetes Engine 或 Amazon Web Services 等云供应商创建 Kubernetes 集群。
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本教程创建了一个[外部负载均衡器](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/create-external-load-balancer/)
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需要云供应商。
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* 配置 `kubectl` 与 Kubernetes API 服务器通信。有关说明,请参阅云供应商文档。
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## {{% heading "objectives" %}}
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="Deployment" term_id="deployment" >}}
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对象和一个关联的
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{{< glossary_tooltip term_id="replica-set" text="ReplicaSet" >}} 对象。
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ReplicaSet 有五个 {{< glossary_tooltip text="Pods" term_id="pod" >}},
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ReplicaSet 有五个 {{< glossary_tooltip text="Pod" term_id="pod" >}},
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每个都运行 Hello World 应用程序。
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is 8080 and the `NodePort` is 32377.
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记下服务公开的外部 IP 地址(`LoadBalancer Ingress`)
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记下服务公开的外部 IP 地址(`LoadBalancer Ingress`
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在本例中,外部 IP 地址是 104.198.205.71。还要注意 `Port``NodePort` 的值。
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在本例中,`Port` 是 8080,`NodePort` 是 32377。
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[connecting applications with services](/docs/tutorials/services/connect-applications-service/).
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进一步了解[使用 Service 连接到应用](/zh-cn/docs/tutorials/services/connect-applications-service/)
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