Status of redistricting after the 2020 census

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Redistricting
State legislative and congressional redistricting after the 2020 census
General information
State-by-state redistricting procedures • Majority-minority districts • Gerrymandering
The 2020 cycle
United States census, 2020 • Congressional apportionment • Redistricting committees • Deadlines • 2022 House elections with multiple incumbents • New U.S.House districts created after apportionment • Congressional maps • State legislative maps • Lawsuits • Status of redistricting after the 2020 census
Redrawn maps
Redistricting before 2024 elections • Redistricting before 2026 elections
Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker

Redistricting is the process of enacting new district boundaries for elected offices, particularly for offices in the U.S. House of Representatives and state legislatures.

States redraw district lines every 10 years following the completion of the U.S. census. The federal government requires the districts resulting from this process to have nearly equal populations and not cause racial or ethnic voting discrimination.[1]

While every state redrew its district lines before the 2022 election cycle, some states were required to revisit those maps. This page provides details about the states where the redistricting process is ongoing due to court orders or other legal requirements. Click here to read about states that revisited the redistricting process before the 2024 elections. Click here to read about states revisiting the redistricting process before the 2026 elections.

After initial redistricting following the 2010 census, four states adopted new congressional maps, and twelve states adopted new legislative maps.[2]

See the sections below for more information about redistricting before the 2026 elections:

  • Congressional redistricting
    • New maps enacted before the 2026 elections:
      • None as of April 2025
    • Maps subject to change due to litigation:


Status of congressional redistricting

As of March 2025, congressional maps in the following states had been struck down due to ongoing litigation or were required to be redrawn before the 2026 elections.

Georgia

On December 8, 2023, Governor Brian Kemp (R) signed revised congressional maps into law. Legislators in the Georgia House of Representatives voted 98-71 to adopt the new congressional map on December 7. The Georgia State Senate voted 32-22 to adopt the congressional map on December 5.[3][4]

On October 26, 2023, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia ruled that the state's congressional and legislative district boundaries violated the Voting Rights Act and enjoined the state from using them for future elections.[5] The court directed the Georgia General Assembly to develop new maps by December 8, 2023.[5]

On December 28, 2023, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District upheld the maps enacted on December 8 and found them in compliance with the Voting Rights Act.

“ The Court finds that the General Assembly fully complied with this Court’s order requiring the creation of a majority-Black congressional district in the region of the State where vote dilution was found. The Court further finds that the elimination of 2021 CD 7 did not violate the October 26, 2023 Order. Finally, the Court declines to adjudicate Plaintiffs’ new Section 2 claim based on a coalition of minority voters. Hence, the Court OVERRULES Plaintiffs’ objections ... and HEREBY APPROVES SB 3EX.[6][7] ”

The district court's approval of remedial state legislative maps was appealed to the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals. Oral argument was scheduled for January 23, 2025.

Louisiana

On November 4, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear Louisiana v. Callais (formerly Callais v. Landry) consolidated with Robinson v. Callais — two appeals from the U.S. District Court for Western Louisiana decision that struck down the state's new congressional map. The Court noted probable jurisdiction and allotted one hour for oral argument.[8][9]

On May 15, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court blocked an April 30 ruling by the U.S. District Court for Western Louisiana striking down the state's congressional map. As a result, the map was used for Louisiana’s 2024 congressional elections.[10] According to ScotusBlog,

“ In a brief unsigned order the justices blocked a ruling by a federal court that had barred the state from using the new map on the ground that legislators had relied too heavily on race when they drew it earlier this year. The order cited an election doctrine known as the Purcell principle – the idea that courts should not change election rules during the period just before an election because of the confusion that it will cause for voters and the problems that doing so could cause for election officials. The lower court’s order will remain on hold, the court indicated, while an appeal to the Supreme Court moves forward.[10][7] ”


Gov. Jeff Landry signed the congressional map into law on January 22 after a special legislative session. The state House of Representatives voted 86-16 and the state Senate voted 27-11 to adopt this congressional map on January 19.[11][12]

According to NPR, "Under the new map, Louisiana's 2nd District, which encompasses much of New Orleans and surrounding areas, will have a Black population of about 53%. Democratic U.S. Rep. Troy Carter represents that district, which has been Louisiana's only majority-Black district for several years. Louisiana's 6th District now stretches from parts of Shreveport to Baton Rouge and will have a Black population of about 56%."[13]

Ohio

On March 2, 2022, the Ohio Redistricting Commission approved a redrawn congressional map in a 5-2 vote along party lines, meaning the map lasted for four years.[14] On March 18, the Ohio Supreme Court ruled that it did not have jurisdiction to overturn the map before the state's primary elections as part of the legal challenge that overturned the initial congressional map.[15] This map took effect for Ohio's 2022 congressional elections.


Status of state legislative redistricting

As of March 2025, legislative maps in the following states had been struck down due to ongoing litigation or were required to be redrawn before the 2026 elections.

Georgia

The district court's approval of remedial state legislative maps is on appeal before the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals. Oral argument was scheduled for January 23, 2025.[16]

Governor Kemp (R) signed revised legislative maps into law on December 8, 2023. Legislators in the Georgia House of Representatives voted 98-71 to adopt the new state legislative maps on December 5. The Georgia State Senate voted 32-23 to adopt the state legislative maps on December 1. For more information about the enacted legislative maps, click here.[3][4]

Louisiana

On February 19, 2024, the state appealed a U.S. District Court for Middle Louisiana decision that struck down the state's legislative maps.[17]

The lower court's February 8, 2024, ruling found the state's legislative maps to be in violation of the Voting Rights Act.[18][19] According to the ruling, the court found the following:

“ [T]he Enacted State House and Senate Maps crack or pack large and geographically compact minority populations such as Black voters in the challenged districts 'have less opportunity than other members of the electorate to participate in the political process and to elect representatives of their choice,' and the Illustrative Plan offered by the Plaintiffs show that additional opportunity districts can be 'reasonable configured.'[19][7] ”

Mississippi

A legal challenge to the state legislative maps resulted in a three-judge panel ordering the state to add two new majority-Black Senate districts and one new majority-Black House district by the end of the 2025 legislative session.[20] The legislature approved the new maps on March 5, 2025.[21] On April 15, 2025, a three-judge panel ordered the legislature to redraw the Senate district in DeSoto County and gave the State Board of Election Commissioners seven days to submit a new map.[22] The panel approved revised maps from the Mississippi Election Commission on May 7, 2025, and special elections in the affected districts were scheduled for November 4, 2025.[23]

Mississippi enacted new state legislative district boundaries on March 31, 2022, when both legislative chambers approved district maps for the other chamber.[24] Legislative redistricting in Mississippi is done via a joint resolution and did not require Gov. Tate Reeves' (R) approval.[24] Emily Wagster Pettus of the Associated Press wrote that "Republican legislative leaders said the redistricting plans are likely to maintain their party's majority in each chamber."[25] Pettus also wrote that "Senate President Pro Tempore Dean Kirby of Pearl said the Senate redistricting plan keeps the same number of Republican-leaning and Democratic-leaning districts as now."[25]

Tennessee

On November 22, 2023, the Davidson County Chancery Court struck down the state Senate map, declaring it unconstitutional. The court ordered the state to create a new state Senate map by January 31, 2024.[26] The Tennessee Supreme Court stayed the lower court's order, keeping the state Senate map in place for the 2024 elections.[27]

On April 13, 2022, the Tennessee Supreme Court reversed a ruling by the Davidson County Chancery Court on April 6, blocking the same state senate map.[28] Three individuals filed the original lawsuit on February 23, saying the state's legislative maps violated the Tennessee constitution by non-consecutively numbering Senate districts in Davidson County. The state filed a motion to appeal on April 7, with the Tennessee Court of Appeals.[29]

Timeline of initial map enactments, 2021-2022

The table and charts below shows enactment dates for the initial congressional and legislative maps enacted in U.S. states after the 2020 census. These maps were in place for the 2022 election cycle.

Enactment dates for original district maps, 2020 cycle
State Congressional State legislative
Alabama July 31, 2023[30] November 4, 2021
Alaska N/A House: November 10, 2021
Senate: May 24, 2022[31]
Arizona January 24, 2022 January 24, 2022
Arkansas January 14, 2022 December 29, 2021
California December 27, 2021 December 27, 2021
Colorado November 1, 2021 November 15, 2021
Connecticut February 10, 2022 House: November 18, 2021
Senate: November 23, 2021
Delaware N/A November 2, 2021
Florida April 22, 2022[32] March 3, 2022
Georgia December 30, 2021 December 30, 2021
Hawaii January 28, 2022 January 28, 2022
Idaho November 12, 2021 November 12, 2021
Illinois November 24, 2021 September 24, 2021
Indiana October 4, 2021 October 4, 2021
Iowa November 4, 2021 November 4, 2021
Kansas February 9, 2022[33] May 18, 2022[34]
Kentucky January 20, 2022 House: January 20, 2022
Senate: January 21, 2022
Louisiana March 30, 2022[35] March 14, 2022
Maine September 29, 2021 September 29, 2021
Maryland April 4, 2022[36] January 27, 2022
Massachusetts November 22, 2021 November 4, 2021
Michigan March 26, 2022[37] March 26, 2022[38]
Minnesota February 15, 2022 February 15, 2022
Mississippi January 24, 2022 March 31, 2022
Missouri May 18, 2022 House: January 19, 2022
Senate: March 15, 2022
Montana November 12, 2021 February 22, 2023
Nebraska September 30, 2021 September 30, 2021
Nevada November 16, 2021 November 16, 2021
New Hampshire May 31, 2022 House: March 23, 2022
Senate: May 6, 2022
New Jersey December 22, 2021 February 18, 2022
New Mexico December 17, 2021 House: December 29, 2021
Senate: January 6, 2022
New York May 20, 2022[39] House: April 21, 2022[40]
Senate: May 20, 2022[41]
North Carolina ---[42] ---[43]
North Dakota N/A November 11, 2021
Ohio March 2, 2022[44] May 28, 2022[45]
Oklahoma November 22, 2021 November 22, 2021
Oregon September 27, 2021 September 27, 2021
Pennsylvania February 23, 2022 February 4, 2022
Rhode Island February 16, 2022 February 16, 2022
South Carolina January 27, 2022 December 10, 2021
South Dakota N/A November 10, 2021
Tennessee February 6, 2022 February 6, 2022[46]
Texas October 25, 2021 October 25, 2021
Utah November 12, 2021 November 16, 2021
Vermont N/A April 6, 2022
Virginia December 28, 2021 December 28, 2021
Washington February 8, 2022 February 8, 2022
West Virginia October 22, 2021 October 22, 2021
Wisconsin March 3, 2022 April 15, 2022[47]
Wyoming N/A March 25, 2022



Comparison of enactment dates for initial maps after the 2010 and 2020 censuses

The charts below compare the enactment dates for initial congressional and legislative maps after the 2010 and 2020 censuses. These maps were in place for the 2012 and 2022 elections.




See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ All About Redistricting, "Why does it matter?" accessed February 15, 2024
  2. ↑ All About Redistricting, "Maps across the 2010 cycle," archived April 11, 2023
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Georgia General Assembly, "Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Office - Proposed Plans," accessed December 11, 2023
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Twitter, "RedistrictNet," December 7, 2023
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Reuters, "US judge orders new congressional map in Georgia, citing harm to Black voters," October 27, 2023
  6. ↑ United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, "Case 1:21-cv-05339-SCJ, Document 334" December 28, 2023
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  8. ↑ SCOTUSblog, "Supreme Court will hear case on second majority-Black district in Louisiana redistricting," November 4, 2024
  9. ↑ The American Redistricting Project, "Louisiana v. Callais," November 4, 2024
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 SCOTUSblog, "Court allows Louisiana to move forward with two majority-Black districts," May 15, 2024
  11. ↑ Roll Call, "Louisiana Legislature passes new congressional map," January 19, 2024
  12. ↑ Ballotpedia's Legislation Tracker, "Louisiana SB8," accessed January 25, 2024
  13. ↑ NPR, "After a court fight, Louisiana's new congressional map boosts Black political power," January 23, 2024
  14. ↑ Dayton Daily News, "Ohio Redistricting Commission approves new U.S. House map on another party-line vote," March 2, 2022
  15. ↑ 13ABC, "Ohio Supreme Court makes final judgement on Congressional map challenges," March 18, 2022
  16. ↑ Democracy Docket, "11th Circuit Considers Fate of Georgia Maps in High-Stakes Redistricting Case," January 21, 2025
  17. ↑ American Redistricting Project, "Nairne v. Landry," accessed November 20, 2024
  18. ↑ NOLA.com. "Louisiana must redraw its legislative districts, federal judge rules. Here's why." February 8, 2024
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Twitter. "RedistrictNet," February 8, 2024
  20. ↑ Associated Press, "Mississippi can wait to reset legislative districts that dilute Black voting strength, judges say," July 18, 2024
  21. ↑ Associated Press, "New Mississippi legislative maps head to court for approval despite DeSoto lawmakers’ objections," March 6, 2025
  22. ↑ DeSoto Times-Tribune, "Judges order new redistricting map for DeSoto," April 16, 2025
  23. ↑ Mississippi Today, "Federal court approves Mississippi legislative redistricting. Special elections will proceed," May 9, 2025
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Jackson Free Press, "Mississippi House and Senate OK Each Other's Redistricting," April 1, 2022
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Jackson Free Press, "Mississippi House, Senate Pass Separate Redistricting Plans," March 30, 2022
  26. ↑ The Tennessean, "Judges rule Tennessee Senate map unconstitutional, order legislature to redraw by Jan. 31," November 22, 2023
  27. ↑ Nashville Banner, "Tennessee Supreme Court Hears Fight Over How Legislative Districts Were Drawn," October 4, 2024
  28. ↑ The Tennessean, "Gov. Bill Lee signs redistricting bills dividing Davidson County into three congressional districts," February 7, 2022
  29. ↑ The Tennessean, "Tennessee appeals redistricting ruling after judges block Senate map," April 7, 2021
  30. ↑ Alabama enacted revised congressional district boundaries after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on June 8, 2023, that the state's congressional redistricting plan adopted on November 4, 2021, violated the Voting Rights Act and must be redrawn to include a second majority-black district.
  31. ↑ Initial map enactment took place on November 10, 2021. Overturned twice by court action.
  32. ↑ Initial map enactment took place on April 22, 2022. Overturned by court action on May 11, 2022. An appeals court reinstated the map on May 20, 2022.
  33. ↑ A district court judge in Kansas overturned the state's congressional map on April 25, 2022. The state supreme court overturned that ruling on May 18, 2022.
  34. ↑ Date map approved by state supreme court.
  35. ↑ Louisiana enacted congressional district boundaries on March 30, 2022. A federal district court overturned that map on June 6, 2022. The U.S. Supreme Court stayed that ruling on June 28, 2022.
  36. ↑ Initial congressional map enactment took place on December 9, 2021. That map was overturned by court action on March 25, 2022.
  37. ↑ Redistricting boundaries became law on this date. The Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission approved the state’s congressional map on Dec. 28, 2021.
  38. ↑ Redistricting boundaries became law on this date. The Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission approved legislative maps on Dec. 28, 2021.
  39. ↑ Initial congressional map enactment took place on February 3, 2022. The original map was overturned by court action on March 31.
  40. ↑ New York enacted new State Assembly district boundaries on April 24, 2023, in response to a June 2022 court order. The original districts were used for the 2022 elections and the new districts will be used for state Assembly elections starting in 2024.
  41. ↑ Initial legislative map enactment took place on February 3, 2022. The original maps were overturned by court action on March 31. An appeals court reinstated the legislative maps on April 21. The New York Court of Appeals, the state's highest court, ruled to overturn the state senate map on April 27.
  42. ↑ Initial congressional map enactment took place on November 4, 2021. The original map was overturned by court action on February 4, 2022. On April 28, 2023, the North Carolina Supreme Court overturned their February 2022 decision voiding the state's enacted congressional maps and vacated the boundaries the legislature enacted in 2021 and the remedial maps used for the 2022 elections.
  43. ↑ Initial legislative map enactment took place on November 4, 2021. The original map was overturned by court action on February 4, 2022. On April 28, 2023, the North Carolina Supreme Court overturned their February 2022 decision voiding the state's enacted legislative maps and vacated the boundaries the legislature enacted in 2021 and the remedial maps used for the 2022 elections.
  44. ↑ Initial congressional map enactment took place on November 20, 2021. The initial map was overturned by court action on January 14, 2022. On March 18, the Ohio Supreme Court ruled that it did not have jurisdiction within the original legal challenge to further rule on the redrawn map.
  45. ↑ Initial legislative map enactment took place on September 16, 2021. The initial maps were overturned by court action on January 12, 2022. A federal court enacted legislative maps for the 2022 elections on May 28.
  46. ↑ Initial legislative map enactment took place on February 6, 2022. The state's Senate map was overturned by court action on April 6, 2022, and the Tennessee Supreme Court reversed this decision on April 13, 2022.
  47. ↑ Initial legislative map enactment took place on March 3, 2022. The initial maps were overturned by court action on March 23, 2022. The Wisconsin Supreme Court adopted state legislative district maps on April 15, 2022.
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