Skip to content
geeksforgeeks
  • Tutorials
    • Python
    • Java
    • DSA
    • ML & Data Science
    • Interview Corner
    • Programming Languages
    • Web Development
    • CS Subjects
    • DevOps
    • Software and Tools
    • School Learning
    • Practice Coding Problems
  • Courses
    • DSA to Development
    • Get IBM Certification
    • Newly Launched!
      • Master Django Framework
      • Become AWS Certified
    • For Working Professionals
      • Interview 101: DSA & System Design
      • JAVA Backend Development (Live)
      • DevOps Engineering (LIVE)
      • Data Structures & Algorithms in Python
    • For Students
      • Placement Preparation Course
      • Data Science (Live)
      • Data Structure & Algorithm-Self Paced (C++/JAVA)
      • Master Competitive Programming (Live)
      • Full Stack Development with React & Node JS (Live)
    • Full Stack Development
    • Data Science Program
    • All Courses
  • Go Premium
  • React Tutorial
  • React Exercise
  • React Basic Concepts
  • React Components
  • React Props
  • React Hooks
  • React Router
  • React Advanced
  • React Examples
  • React Interview Questions
  • React Projects
  • Next.js Tutorial
  • React Bootstrap
  • React Material UI
  • React Ant Design
  • React Desktop
  • React Rebass
  • React Blueprint
  • JavaScript
  • Web Technology
Open In App

React Forms

Last Updated : 12 Aug, 2025
Comments
Improve
Suggest changes
Like Article
Like
Report

In React, forms are used to take input from users, like text, numbers, or selections. They work just like HTML forms but are often controlled by React state so you can easily track and update the input values.

Example:

JavaScript 
import React, { useState } from 'react';

function MyForm() {
  const [name, setName] = useState('');

  const handleSubmit = (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    alert(`Hello, ${name}`);
  };

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
      <input
        type="text"
        value={name}
        onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)}
        placeholder="Enter your name"
      />
      <button type="submit">Submit</button>
    </form>
  );
}

export default MyForm;

Output:

Screenshot-from-2025-08-12-11-03-32

Adding Forms in React

Forms in React can be easily added as a simple react element. Here are some examples.

Example: This example displays the text input value on the console window when the React onChange event triggers.

JavaScript 
// Filename - src/index.js: 

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

class App extends React.Component {

    onInputChange(event)
    {
        console.log(event.target.value);
    }

    render()
    {
        return (<div><form><label>Enter text<
                /label>
                    <input type="text"
                        onChange={this.onInputChange}/>
                </form>
            </div>);
    }
}

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.querySelector("#root"));


Output:

Adding Forms in React

Handling React Forms

In HTML the HTML DOM handles the input data but in react the values are stored in state variable and form data is handled by the components.

Example: This example shows updating the value of inputValue each time user changes the value in the input field by calling the setState() function.

JavaScript 
// Filename - index.js

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

class App extends React.Component {

    state = {inputValue : ""};

    render()
    {
        return (
            <div><form><label>Enter text<
                /label>
                    <input type="text"
                        value={this.state.inputValue}
                        onChange={(e) => this.setState(
                            { inputValue: e.target.value })} />
            </form>
                <br />
            <div>Entered Value:
                {this.state
                     .inputValue}</div>
            </div>);
    }
}

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.querySelector("#root"));


Output

Submitting React Forms

The submit action in React form is done by using the event handler onSubmit which accepts the submit function.

Example: Here we just added the React onSubmit event handler which calls the function onFormSubmit and it prevents the browser from submitting the form and reloading the page and changing the input and output value to 'Hello World!'.

JavaScript 
// Filename - index.js

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

class App extends React.Component {
    state = {inputValue : ""};

    onFormSubmit = (event) => {
        event.preventDefault();
        this.setState({inputValue : "Hello World!"});
    };

    render()
    {
        return (
            <div><form onSubmit = {this.onFormSubmit}>
            <label>Enter text<
                /label>
                    <input
                        type="text"
                        value={this.state.inputValue}
                        onChange={(e) =>
                            this.setState({
                                inputValue: e.target.value,
                            })
                        }
                    />
            </form>
                <br />
            <div>Entered Value:
                {this.state
                     .inputValue}</div>
            </div>);
    }
}

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.querySelector("#root"));


Output

Submitting React Forms

Multiple Input Fields

It allows to handle multiple inputs in a single form. Other types of input fields present in Forms are

  • Textarea tag
  • Select tag

Textarea

The textarea tag defines the element by its children i.e., enclosed in the tags. In React we use the value prop instead.

Syntax:

<textarea value={text} onChange={handleChange} />

In the above syntax:

  • text: refers to the state variable in which the value is stored
  • handleChange: is the function to be executed to update the state when the onChange event triggers.

Select

The select tag defines the element by its children i.e., enclosed in the tags. In React similar to text.area we use the value prop instead.

Syntax:

<select>
    <option>
    </option>
    ...
</select>

In the above syntax

  • this.state.value: refers to the state variable in which the value is stored
  • this.handleChange: is the function to be executed to update the state when the onChange event triggers.

Multiple Input Fields

Example: This example demonstrate handling multiple input fields in a single Form component.

JavaScript 
// import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';
import "./index.css";

import React from "react";
// import App from './App';
// import reportWebVitals from './reportWebVitals';

// Filename - index.js

import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

class App extends React.Component {
    state = {username : "", email: ""};

    onFormSubmit = (event) => {
        event.preventDefault();
        this.setState({
            username : "gfg123",
            email : "abc@gfg.org",
        });
    };

    render()
    {
        return (
            <div
                style={{
            margin: "auto", marginTop: "20px",
                textAlign: "center",
                }}
            >
                <form onSubmit={this.onFormSubmit}>
                    <label> Enter username: </label>
                    <input
                        type="text"
                        value={this.state.username}
                        onChange={(e) =>
                            this.setState((prev) => ({
                                ...prev,
                                username: e.target.value,
                            }))
                        }
                    />
                    <br />
                    <br />
                    <label>Enter Email Id:</label>
                    <input
                        type="email"
                        value={this.state.email}
                        onChange={(e) =>
                            this.setState((prev) => ({
                                ...prev,
                                email: e.target.value,
                            }))
                        }
                    ></input>
                    <br />
                    <br />
                    <input type="submit" value={
            "Submit"} />
                </form>
                <br />
                <div>
                    Entered Value: {this.state.username}
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
}
const root
    = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById("root"));
root.render(
    <React.StrictMode>
        <App />
    </React.StrictMode>
);

Controlled Vs UnControlled Components

Feature

Controlled Components

UnControlled Components

Data Source

React state

DOM(internal State)

Value Binding

value prop bound to state

No binding value uses default value

How to Access Value

From state Variable

Via ref or document.querySelector

State Management

Managed by React

Managed by DOM

Real Time Validation

Easy to implement (validation on onChange)

Harder, needs manual checks

Re-rendering

Harder, needs manual checks

Fewer re-renders

Ease of Debugging

Easier to debug and test

Slightly harder to debug

Use Case

When you need to track and control user input

For quick/simple forms where state tracking isn’t needed

controlled_vs_uncontrolled_components
Comparison between controlled components vs un controlled components

Note: It clearly shows that controlled components generally score higher in areas like data source, value binding, and validation. Uncontrolled components perform slightly better in fewer areas such as re-rendering and ease of debugging.


React Forms in React

I
iamsahil1910
Improve
Article Tags :
  • Web Technologies
  • ReactJS

Similar Reads

    React Tutorial
    React is a powerful JavaScript library for building fast, scalable front-end applications. Created by Facebook, it's known for its component-based structure, single-page applications (SPAs), and virtual DOM,enabling efficient UI updates and a seamless user experience.Note: The latest stable version
    7 min read

    React Fundamentals

    React Introduction
    ReactJS is a component-based JavaScript library used to build dynamic and interactive user interfaces. It simplifies the creation of single-page applications (SPAs) with a focus on performance and maintainability. "Hello, World!" Program in ReactJavaScriptimport React from 'react'; function App() {
    6 min read
    React Environment Setup
    To run any React application, we need to first setup a ReactJS Development Environment. In this article, we will show you a step-by-step guide to installing and configuring a working React development environment.Pre-requisite:We must have Nodejs installed on our PC. So, the very first step will be
    3 min read
    React JS ReactDOM
    ReactDOM is a core React package that provides DOM-specific methods to interact with and manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM), enabling efficient rendering and management of web page elements. ReactDOM is used for: Rendering Components: Displays React components in the DOM.DOM Manipulation: Al
    2 min read
    React JSX
    JSX stands for JavaScript XML, and it is a special syntax used in React to simplify building user interfaces. JSX allows you to write HTML-like code directly inside JavaScript, enabling you to create UI components more efficiently. Although JSX looks like regular HTML, it’s actually a syntax extensi
    5 min read
    ReactJS Rendering Elements
    In this article we will learn about rendering elements in ReactJS, updating the rendered elements and will also discuss about how efficiently the elements are rendered.What are React Elements?React elements are the smallest building blocks of a React application. They are different from DOM elements
    3 min read
    React Lists
    In lists, React makes it easier to render multiple elements dynamically from arrays or objects, ensuring efficient and reusable code. Since nearly 85% of React projects involve displaying data collections—like user profiles, product catalogs, or tasks—understanding how to work with lists.To render a
    4 min read
    React Forms
    In React, forms are used to take input from users, like text, numbers, or selections. They work just like HTML forms but are often controlled by React state so you can easily track and update the input values.Example:JavaScriptimport React, { useState } from 'react'; function MyForm() { const [name,
    4 min read
    ReactJS Keys
    A key serves as a unique identifier in React, helping to track which items in a list have changed, been updated, or removed. It is particularly useful when dynamically creating components or when users modify the list. When rendering a list, you need to assign a unique key prop to each element in th
    4 min read

    Components in React

    React Components
    In React, components are reusable, independent code blocks (A function or a class) that define the structure and behavior of the UI. They accept inputs (props or properties) and return elements that describe what should appear on the screen.Key Concepts of React Components:Each component handles its
    4 min read
    ReactJS Functional Components
    In ReactJS, functional components are a core part of building user interfaces. They are simple, lightweight, and powerful tools for rendering UI and handling logic. Functional components can accept props as input and return JSX that describes what the component should render.Example:JavaScriptimport
    4 min read
    React Class Components
    Class components are ES6 classes that extend React.Component. They allow state management and lifecycle methods for complex UI logic.Used for stateful components before Hooks.Support lifecycle methods for mounting, updating, and unmounting.The render() method in React class components returns JSX el
    3 min read
    ReactJS Pure Components
    ReactJS Pure Components are similar to regular class components but with a key optimization. They skip re-renders when the props and state remain the same. While class components are still supported in React, it's generally recommended to use functional components with hooks in new code for better p
    4 min read
    ReactJS Container and Presentational Pattern in Components
    In this article we will categorise the react components in two types depending on the pattern in which they are written in application and will learn briefly about these two categories. We will also discuss about alternatives to this pattern. Presentational and Container ComponentsThe type of compon
    2 min read
    ReactJS PropTypes
    In ReactJS PropTypes are the property that is mainly shared between the parent components to the child components. It is used to solve the type validation problem. Since in the latest version of the React 19, PropeTypes has been removed. What is ReactJS PropTypes?PropTypes is a tool in React that he
    5 min read
    React Lifecycle
    In React, the lifecycle refers to the various stages a component goes through. These stages allow developers to run specific code at key moments, such as when the component is created, updated, or removed. By understanding the React lifecycle, you can better manage resources, side effects, and perfo
    7 min read

    React Hooks

    React Hooks
    ReactJS Hooks, introduced in React 16.8, are among the most impactful updates to the library, with over 80% of modern React projects adopting them for state and lifecycle management. They let developers use state, side effects, and other React features without writing class components. Hooks streaml
    8 min read
    React useState Hook
    The useState hook is a function that allows you to add state to a functional component. It is an alternative to the useReducer hook that is preferred when we require the basic update. useState Hooks are used to add the state variables in the components. For using the useState hook we have to import
    5 min read
    ReactJS useEffect Hook
    The useEffect hook is one of the most commonly used hooks in ReactJS, used to handle side effects in functional components. Before hooks, these kinds of tasks were only possible in class components through lifecycle methods like componentDidMount, componentDidUpdate, and componentWillUnmount.Fetchin
    5 min read

    Routing in React

    React Router
    React Router is a JavaScript library designed specifically for React to handle client-side routing. It maps specific URL paths to React components, allowing users to navigate between different pages or sections without refreshing the entire page.Types of React RoutersThere are three types of routers
    5 min read
    React JS Types of Routers
    When creating a React application, managing navigation between different views or pages is important. React Router is the standard library for routing in React, enabling seamless navigation while maintaining the Single Page Application (SPA) behaviour.What is React Router?React Router is a declarati
    10 min read

    Advanced React Concepts

    Lazy Loading in React and How to Implement it ?
    Lazy Loading in React is used to initially load and render limited data on the webpage. It helps to optimize the performance of React applications. The data is only rendered when visited or scrolled it can be images, scripts, etc. Lazy loading helps to load the web page quickly and presents the limi
    4 min read
    ReactJS Higher-Order Components
    Higher-order components (HOC) are an advanced technique in React that is used for reusing component logic. It is the function that takes the original component and returns the new enhanced component.It doesn’t modify the input component directly. Instead, they return a new component with enhanced be
    5 min read
    Code Splitting in React
    Code-Splitting is a feature supported by bundlers like Webpack, Rollup, and Browserify which can create multiple bundles that can be dynamically loaded at runtime.As websites grow larger and go deeper into components, it becomes heavier. This is especially the case when libraries from third parties
    4 min read

    React Projects

    Create ToDo App using ReactJS
    This to-do list allows users to add new tasks and delete them by clicking the corresponding button. The logic is handled by a click event handler whenever the user clicks on a task it gets deleted from the list.Lets have a quick look at what the final application will look like:ToDo App using ReactJ
    3 min read
    Create a Quiz App using ReactJS
    In this article, we will create a quiz application to learn the basics of ReactJS. We will be using class components to create the application with custom and bootstrap styling. The application will start with questions at first and then the score will be displayed at last. Initially, there are only
    4 min read
    Create a Coin Flipping App using ReactJS
    In this article, we will build a coin flipping application. In which the user can flip a coin and get a random result from head or tails. We create three components 'App' and 'FlipCoin' and 'Coin'. The app component renders a single FlipCoin component only. FlipCoin component contains all the behind
    3 min read
    How to create a Color-Box App using ReactJS?
    Basically we want to build an app that shows the number of boxes which has different colors assigned to each of them. Each time the app loads different random colors are assigned. when a user clicks any of the boxes, it changes its color to some different random color that does not equal to its prev
    4 min read
    Dice Rolling App using ReactJS
    This article will create a dice-rolling application that rolls two dice and displays a random number between 1 and 6 as we click the button both dice shake and generate a new number that shows on the upper face of the dice (in dotted form as a standard dice). The numbers on the upper face are genera
    4 min read
    Guess the number with React
    In this article, we will create the guess the number game. In which the computer will select a random number between 1 and 20 and the player will get unlimited chances to guess the number. If the player makes an incorrect guess, the player will be notified whether the guess is is higher or lower tha
    3 min read
`; $(commentSectionTemplate).insertBefore(".article--recommended"); } loadComments(); }); }); function loadComments() { if ($("iframe[id*='discuss-iframe']").length top_of_element && top_of_screen articleRecommendedTop && top_of_screen articleRecommendedBottom)) { if (!isfollowingApiCall) { isfollowingApiCall = true; setTimeout(function(){ if (loginData && loginData.isLoggedIn) { if (loginData.userName !== $('#followAuthor').val()) { is_following(); } else { $('.profileCard-profile-picture').css('background-color', '#E7E7E7'); } } else { $('.follow-btn').removeClass('hideIt'); } }, 3000); } } }); } $(".accordion-header").click(function() { var arrowIcon = $(this).find('.bottom-arrow-icon'); arrowIcon.toggleClass('rotate180'); }); }); window.isReportArticle = false; function report_article(){ if (!loginData || !loginData.isLoggedIn) { const loginModalButton = $('.login-modal-btn') if (loginModalButton.length) { loginModalButton.click(); } return; } if(!window.isReportArticle){ //to add loader $('.report-loader').addClass('spinner'); jQuery('#report_modal_content').load(gfgSiteUrl+'wp-content/themes/iconic-one/report-modal.php', { PRACTICE_API_URL: practiceAPIURL, PRACTICE_URL:practiceURL },function(responseTxt, statusTxt, xhr){ if(statusTxt == "error"){ alert("Error: " + xhr.status + ": " + xhr.statusText); } }); }else{ window.scrollTo({ top: 0, behavior: 'smooth' }); $("#report_modal_content").show(); } } function closeShareModal() { const shareOption = document.querySelector('[data-gfg-action="share-article"]'); shareOption.classList.remove("hover_share_menu"); let shareModal = document.querySelector(".hover__share-modal-container"); shareModal && shareModal.remove(); } function openShareModal() { closeShareModal(); // Remove existing modal if any let shareModal = document.querySelector(".three_dot_dropdown_share"); shareModal.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement("div"), { className: "hover__share-modal-container" })); document.querySelector(".hover__share-modal-container").append( Object.assign(document.createElement('div'), { className: "share__modal" }), ); document.querySelector(".share__modal").append(Object.assign(document.createElement('h1'), { className: "share__modal-heading" }, { textContent: "Share to" })); const socialOptions = ["LinkedIn", "WhatsApp","Twitter", "Copy Link"]; socialOptions.forEach((socialOption) => { const socialContainer = Object.assign(document.createElement('div'), { className: "social__container" }); const icon = Object.assign(document.createElement("div"), { className: `share__icon share__${socialOption.split(" ").join("")}-icon` }); const socialText = Object.assign(document.createElement("span"), { className: "share__option-text" }, { textContent: `${socialOption}` }); const shareLink = (socialOption === "Copy Link") ? Object.assign(document.createElement('div'), { role: "button", className: "link-container CopyLink" }) : Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { className: "link-container" }); if (socialOption === "LinkedIn") { shareLink.setAttribute('href', `https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=${window.location.href}`); shareLink.setAttribute('target', '_blank'); } if (socialOption === "WhatsApp") { shareLink.setAttribute('href', `https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=${window.location.href}`); shareLink.setAttribute('target', "_blank"); } if (socialOption === "Twitter") { shareLink.setAttribute('href', `https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=${window.location.href}`); shareLink.setAttribute('target', "_blank"); } shareLink.append(icon, socialText); socialContainer.append(shareLink); document.querySelector(".share__modal").appendChild(socialContainer); //adding copy url functionality if(socialOption === "Copy Link") { shareLink.addEventListener("click", function() { var tempInput = document.createElement("input"); tempInput.value = window.location.href; document.body.appendChild(tempInput); tempInput.select(); tempInput.setSelectionRange(0, 99999); // For mobile devices document.execCommand('copy'); document.body.removeChild(tempInput); this.querySelector(".share__option-text").textContent = "Copied" }) } }); // document.querySelector(".hover__share-modal-container").addEventListener("mouseover", () => document.querySelector('[data-gfg-action="share-article"]').classList.add("hover_share_menu")); } function toggleLikeElementVisibility(selector, show) { document.querySelector(`.${selector}`).style.display = show ? "block" : "none"; } function closeKebabMenu(){ document.getElementById("myDropdown").classList.toggle("show"); }
geeksforgeeks-footer-logo
Corporate & Communications Address:
A-143, 7th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, Sector- 136, Noida, Uttar Pradesh (201305)
Registered Address:
K 061, Tower K, Gulshan Vivante Apartment, Sector 137, Noida, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201305
GFG App on Play Store GFG App on App Store
Advertise with us
  • Company
  • About Us
  • Legal
  • Privacy Policy
  • In Media
  • Contact Us
  • Advertise with us
  • GFG Corporate Solution
  • Placement Training Program
  • Languages
  • Python
  • Java
  • C++
  • PHP
  • GoLang
  • SQL
  • R Language
  • Android Tutorial
  • Tutorials Archive
  • DSA
  • DSA Tutorial
  • Basic DSA Problems
  • DSA Roadmap
  • Top 100 DSA Interview Problems
  • DSA Roadmap by Sandeep Jain
  • All Cheat Sheets
  • Data Science & ML
  • Data Science With Python
  • Data Science For Beginner
  • Machine Learning
  • ML Maths
  • Data Visualisation
  • Pandas
  • NumPy
  • NLP
  • Deep Learning
  • Web Technologies
  • HTML
  • CSS
  • JavaScript
  • TypeScript
  • ReactJS
  • NextJS
  • Bootstrap
  • Web Design
  • Python Tutorial
  • Python Programming Examples
  • Python Projects
  • Python Tkinter
  • Python Web Scraping
  • OpenCV Tutorial
  • Python Interview Question
  • Django
  • Computer Science
  • Operating Systems
  • Computer Network
  • Database Management System
  • Software Engineering
  • Digital Logic Design
  • Engineering Maths
  • Software Development
  • Software Testing
  • DevOps
  • Git
  • Linux
  • AWS
  • Docker
  • Kubernetes
  • Azure
  • GCP
  • DevOps Roadmap
  • System Design
  • High Level Design
  • Low Level Design
  • UML Diagrams
  • Interview Guide
  • Design Patterns
  • OOAD
  • System Design Bootcamp
  • Interview Questions
  • Inteview Preparation
  • Competitive Programming
  • Top DS or Algo for CP
  • Company-Wise Recruitment Process
  • Company-Wise Preparation
  • Aptitude Preparation
  • Puzzles
  • School Subjects
  • Mathematics
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Biology
  • Social Science
  • English Grammar
  • Commerce
  • GeeksforGeeks Videos
  • DSA
  • Python
  • Java
  • C++
  • Web Development
  • Data Science
  • CS Subjects
@GeeksforGeeks, Sanchhaya Education Private Limited, All rights reserved
We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy
Lightbox
Improvement
Suggest Changes
Help us improve. Share your suggestions to enhance the article. Contribute your expertise and make a difference in the GeeksforGeeks portal.
geeksforgeeks-suggest-icon
Create Improvement
Enhance the article with your expertise. Contribute to the GeeksforGeeks community and help create better learning resources for all.
geeksforgeeks-improvement-icon
Suggest Changes
min 4 words, max Words Limit:1000

Thank You!

Your suggestions are valuable to us.

What kind of Experience do you want to share?

Interview Experiences
Admission Experiences
Career Journeys
Work Experiences
Campus Experiences
Competitive Exam Experiences