Log in using IAM database authentication

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net"
	"os"

	"cloud.google.com/go/cloudsqlconn"
	"github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

func connectWithConnectorIAMAuthN() (*sql.DB, error) {
	mustGetenv := func(k string) string {
		v := os.Getenv(k)
		if v == "" {
			log.Fatalf("Warning: %s environment variable not set.", k)
		}
		return v
	}
	// Note: Saving credentials in environment variables is convenient, but not
	// secure - consider a more secure solution such as
	// Cloud Secret Manager (https://cloud.google.com/secret-manager) to help
	// keep secrets safe.
	var (
		dbUser                 = mustGetenv("DB_IAM_USER")              // e.g. 'service-account-name'
		dbName                 = mustGetenv("DB_NAME")                  // e.g. 'my-database'
		instanceConnectionName = mustGetenv("INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME") // e.g. 'project:region:instance'
		usePrivate             = os.Getenv("PRIVATE_IP")
	)

	// WithLazyRefresh() Option is used to perform refresh
	// when needed, rather than on a scheduled interval.
	// This is recommended for serverless environments to
	// avoid background refreshes from throttling CPU.
	d, err := cloudsqlconn.NewDialer(
		context.Background(),
		cloudsqlconn.WithIAMAuthN(),
		cloudsqlconn.WithLazyRefresh(),
	)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cloudsqlconn.NewDialer: %w", err)
	}
	var opts []cloudsqlconn.DialOption
	if usePrivate != "" {
		opts = append(opts, cloudsqlconn.WithPrivateIP())
	}
	mysql.RegisterDialContext("cloudsqlconn",
		func(ctx context.Context, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
			return d.Dial(ctx, instanceConnectionName, opts...)
		})

	dbURI := fmt.Sprintf("%s:empty@cloudsqlconn(localhost:3306)/%s?parseTime=true",
		dbUser, dbName)

	dbPool, err := sql.Open("mysql", dbURI)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("sql.Open: %w", err)
	}
	return dbPool, nil
}

import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig;
import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

public class ConnectorIamAuthnConnectionPoolFactory extends ConnectionPoolFactory {

  // Note: Saving credentials in environment variables is convenient, but not
  // secure - consider a more secure solution such as
  // Cloud Secret Manager (https://cloud.google.com/secret-manager) to help
  // keep secrets safe.
  private static final String INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME =
      System.getenv("INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME");
  private static final String INSTANCE_UNIX_SOCKET = System.getenv("INSTANCE_UNIX_SOCKET");
  private static final String DB_IAM_USER = System.getenv("DB_IAM_USER");
  private static final String DB_NAME = System.getenv("DB_NAME");


  public static DataSource createConnectionPool() {
    // The configuration object specifies behaviors for the connection pool.
    HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig();

    // The following URL is equivalent to setting the config options below:
    // jdbc:mysql:///<DB_NAME>?cloudSqlInstance=<INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME>&
    // socketFactory=com.google.cloud.sql.mysql.SocketFactory&user=<DB_USER>&password=<DB_PASS>
    // See the link below for more info on building a JDBC URL for the Cloud SQL JDBC Socket Factory
    // https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/cloud-sql-jdbc-socket-factory#creating-the-jdbc-url

    // Configure which instance and what database user to connect with.
    config.setJdbcUrl(String.format("jdbc:mysql:///%s", DB_NAME));

    config.addDataSourceProperty("socketFactory", "com.google.cloud.sql.mysql.SocketFactory");
    config.addDataSourceProperty("cloudSqlInstance", INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME);

    // If connecting using automatic database authentication, follow the instructions for
    // connecting using the connector, but set the DB_IAM_USER value to an IAM user or
    // service account that has been given access to the database.
    // See https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/iam-logins for more details.
    config.addDataSourceProperty("enableIamAuth", "true");
    config.addDataSourceProperty("user", DB_IAM_USER);
    // Explicitly set sslmode to disable to prevent driver from hanging.
    // The Java Connector will handle SSL so it is unneccesary to enable it at the driver level.
    config.addDataSourceProperty("sslmode", "disable");

    // cloudSqlRefreshStrategy set to "lazy" is used to perform a
    // refresh when needed, rather than on a scheduled interval.
    // This is recommended for serverless environments to
    // avoid background refreshes from throttling CPU.
    config.addDataSourceProperty("cloudSqlRefreshStrategy", "lazy");


    // ... Specify additional connection properties here.
    // ...

    // Initialize the connection pool using the configuration object.
    return new HikariDataSource(config);
  }
}

// Set up ConnectionFactoryOptions
ConnectionFactoryOptions options =
    ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
        .option(DRIVER, "gcp")
        .option(PROTOCOL, "mysql")
        .option(USER, DB_USER)
        .option(DATABASE, DB_NAME)
        .option(HOST, CONNECTION_NAME)
        .option(IP_TYPES, IP_TYPE)
        .option(ENABLE_IAM_AUTH, true)
        .build();

// Initialize connection pool
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(options);
ConnectionPoolConfiguration configuration =
    ConnectionPoolConfiguration.builder(connectionFactory).build();

this.connectionPool = new ConnectionPool(configuration);

import os

from google.cloud.sql.connector import Connector, IPTypes
import pymysql

import sqlalchemy


def connect_with_connector_auto_iam_authn() -> sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine:
    """
    Initializes a connection pool for a Cloud SQL instance of MySQL.

    Uses the Cloud SQL Python Connector with Automatic IAM Database Authentication.
    """
    # Note: Saving credentials in environment variables is convenient, but not
    # secure - consider a more secure solution such as
    # Cloud Secret Manager (https://cloud.google.com/secret-manager) to help
    # keep secrets safe.
    instance_connection_name = os.environ[
        "INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME"
    ]  # e.g. 'project:region:instance'
    db_iam_user = os.environ["DB_IAM_USER"]  # e.g. 'service-account-name'
    db_name = os.environ["DB_NAME"]  # e.g. 'my-database'

    ip_type = IPTypes.PRIVATE if os.environ.get("PRIVATE_IP") else IPTypes.PUBLIC

    # initialize Cloud SQL Python Connector object
    connector = Connector(refresh_strategy="LAZY")

    def getconn() -> pymysql.connections.Connection:
        conn: pymysql.connections.Connection = connector.connect(
            instance_connection_name,
            "pymysql",
            user=db_iam_user,
            db=db_name,
            enable_iam_auth=True,
            ip_type=ip_type,
        )
        return conn

    # The Cloud SQL Python Connector can be used with SQLAlchemy
    # using the 'creator' argument to 'create_engine'
    pool = sqlalchemy.create_engine(
        "mysql+pymysql://",
        creator=getconn,
        # ...
    )
    return pool